The exxon valiiez oil spill and chronic psychological stress j. The incident has both shortterm and longterm implications. Find all of our information and stories on the grounding, spill, response, and research in the wake of the 1989 exxon valdez oil spill. Oil spill restoration plan, the document that guides the trustee ouncils restoration work, and the final environmental impact statement for the 1994 restoration plan. The exxon valdez oil spill revisited 25 years later. The coast guards role in the exxon valdez incident introduction on 24 march 1989, at 12. Oct 23, 2018 the exxon valdez oil spill occurred when an oil tanker crashed onto the shore of prince william sound in alaska on march 24, 1989. The initial 4 hour training session was to take place at the beginning of the employees tourofduty.
Nearly 11,000,000 gallons of crude oil were dispersed when the exxon valdez ran aground, polluting 1,300 miles of alaskan shoreline and causing the extermination of much native wildlife. Damages from the exxon valdez oil spill university of california. A new study suggests that ducks and otters are still being affected by a persistent oil presence. One new york times headline from february 1, 2011 read. International journal of mass emergencies and disasters, 161. Shortly after midnight on march 24, 1989, the valdez, transporting crude oil from alaska to california, struck bligh reef. Introduction with the exception of the titanic, the exxonvaldez may be the most infamous ship disaster in history. The exxon valdez oil spill public advisory committee was created by paragraph v. Summary of the final environmental impact statement for the exxon valdez oil spill. If one were to rely solely on media accounts, it might seem that the deepwater horizon disaster is over. In the wake of disaster retro report december 9, 20 in 1989, a tanker ran aground off the coast of alaska, causing one of the worst oil spills in united states history. Mar 24, 2014 clouds hover over snowy peaks near prince willam sound, valdez, alaska. How the exxon valdez disaster changed americas oil spill emergency management.
Twentyfive years after the exxon valdez oil spill noaa office of. Mar 24, 2014 the damaged oil tanker exxon valdez, towed out of alaskas prince william sound by a tugboat and a u. Pictures from the 1989 exxon valdez disaster, 30 years ago. The exxon valdez was constructed in 1986 and was the largest ship ever built on the west coast of the united states. It addresses the issues of spill prevention and safety, response and. Approximately 11 million gallons of crude oil were spilled covering an area of 460 miles from bligh reef to the village of chignik, impacting 1,300 miles of alaskan coastline and killing countless animals.
The exxon valdez oil spill occurred in prince william sound, alaska, march 24, 1989, when exxon valdez, an oil tanker owned by exxon shipping company, bound for long beach, california, struck prince william sounds bligh reef, 1. Mar 22, 2019 on march 24, 1989 the exxon valdez tanker ran aground and spilled nearly 11 million gallons of oil in alaskas prince william sound it was the worst oil spill in us history until 2010, when. Grade 46a photoessay detailing the 1989 exxon valdez oil spill and its impact on the surrounding environment. Following up on the exxon valdez oil spill in prince william sound, alaska, this photoessay begins by describing how it happened and the environmental disaster it caused. Mar 17, 2020 exxon valdez oil spill, massive oil spill that occurred on march 24, 1989, in prince william sound, alaska.
Ironically, the worst environmental disaster in history was an oil spill that doesnt even rank among the top 50 largest oil spills source. After the exxon valdez disaster, coast guard assets and personnel responded to all sorts of oil and hazardous material releases, even some beyond us territorial waters. Pdf the bp disaster as an exxon valdez rerun duane gill. The exxon valdez oil spill occurred in prince william sound, alaska, on march 24, 1989. The exxon baton rouge attempts to off load crude from the exxon valdez in prince william sound, alaska on march 26, 1989. Environmental case study the exxon valdez oil spill, ten. The tanker carried crude oil from alaska to oil refineries on the west coast of the united states. Ap photo this red necked greb is covered in oil after the exxon valdez. The exxon valdez oil spill occurred when an oil tanker crashed onto the shore of prince william sound in alaska on march 24, 1989. Although a great deal of oil was spilled from the tanker, much of its severity resulted from the disorganized cleanup effort that resulted. May 06, 2010 the exxon valdez was an unrivaled environmental disaster which forced the united states to set a new standard for response to oil spills.
On the night of march 24, 1989, the exxon valdez oil tanker ran aground on bligh reef in the pristine waters of alaskas prince william sound. The exxon valiiez oil spill and chronic psychological. We report on the results of a largescale contingent valuation cv study conducted after the exxon valdez oil spill to assess the harm caused by it. Exxon valdez oil spill economic effects the balance. In a clear, journalistic style, markle focuses on the aftermath of the disaster, giving only a cursory description of the tankers crash and omitting any reference to the captain or crew.
Over a year later, theres no more 24hour cnn coverage. The reallife struggle to contain the environmental and financial damage caused to alaska by the oil spill from the exxon valdez is dramatized. Clouds hover over snowy peaks near prince willam sound, valdez, alaska. Until the deepwater horizon oil spill of 2010, the exxon valdez was the worst oil spill to occur in the united states. It contaminated 1,300 miles of coastline with 250,000 barrels or 11 million gallons of oil. Pdf oil spills are potentially the most destructive pollution source impacting beaches and marshes. Exxon valdez oil spill state trial transcript, 1994, 3an. Prince william sound is a region rich in biological diversity, and the oil spill has caused ecological harm. The knight island region of prince william sound was hard hit when the supertanker exxon valdez leaked 40 million liters of oil, killing thousands of otters, seals, birds. Memories of the 1989 exxon valdez disaster in alaska may have dimmed, but its menace endures. This report summarizes what has changed, and what remains unchanged in the 20 years since the exxon valdez ran aground. The 11 million gallons or 257,000 barrels of oil that eventually escaped from the. In the wake of disaster retro report december 9, 20 in 1989, a tanker ran aground off the coast of alaska, causing one of.
The exxon valdez was an unrivaled environmental disaster which forced the united states to set a new standard for response to oil spills. Epa informed exxon on july 26 that it would support a proposal by the company to use bioremediation to aid in cleaning up the oil spilled from the exxon valdez in prince william sound. Exxon valdez oil spill, massive oil spill that occurred on march 24, 1989, in prince william sound, alaska. With john heard, bob gunton, mark metcalf, bruce gray. Because it is so well known, the valdez oil spill is an excellent example of a thorough root cause analysis investigation. Gill, the exxon valdez oil spill openended responses to household survey, 19891992 starkville, ms. Oct 02, 2019 among the oil spills occurred in the last five decades, exxon valdez oil spill remains a prominent one. The exxon valiiez oil spill and chronic psychological stress. Federal register exxon valdez oil spill public advisory. These events included the sabotaged oil rigs of the 1990 persian gulf war and consequent oil spillsone of the largest discharges of oil in history. It was ten years ago on march 23 that the oil tanker exxon valdez ran aground on bligh reef, leaking 11 million gallons of oil into alaskas prince william sound and creating the most notorious oil spill in us history.
Exxon valdez oil spill resources alaska state archives. Direct contact with the oil slick killed at least 140 bald eagles, 302 harbor seals, 2,800 sea otters, and 250,00 seabirds. Twentyfive years after the exxon valdez supertanker split open on a submerged reef and spilled 11 millions gallons of crude. It was badly damaged when it hit rocks off the coast of alaska in march 1989 and lost more than 10 million gallons 40 million litres of oil into the sea. Record of decision for the exxon valdez oil spill restoration plan. Mississippi state university, social science research center, 1997. Keywords disasters, oil spills, social impacts, stress on april 20, 2010, the deepwater horizon drilling rig owned by transocean ltd. Remembering the exxon valdez oil spill the atlantic. The exxon valdez and 2011 sage publications bp oil. This bibliography is a select list of books, videos and dvds, websites and articles from a variety of sources pertaining to the exxon valdez oil spill and related topics, chosen for their appeal to teachers, students of all ages, and the general public. Exxon valdez oil spill and kodiak island may 12, 2008 louise bassette, andrea johnson, christine coonradt, john mccabe slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. After focusing briefly on the devastation to individual species of wildlife and efforts to help them recover, the book considers how the oil spill has affected communities in the area as well as the state of prince. The exxon valdez top 10 environmental disasters time.
Exxon valdez oil spill presentation linkedin slideshare. While the exxon valdez oil leak is considered to be the largest manmade environmental disaster in u. Then again, the next disaster may be completely different, just as the deepwater horizon disaster was from the exxon valdez. She had been traveling outside normal shipping lanes to avoid ice. Take a look at this infographic to see if and when nearly 30 types of fish, wildlife, and habitats have recovered in the 25 years after this monumental spill. Pdf the bp disaster as an exxon valdez rerun duane.
The exxon valdez oil spill was a manmade disaster that occurred when exxon valdez, an oil tanker owned by the exxon shipping company, spilled 11 million gallons of crude oil into alaskas prince. Because it is so well known, the valdez oil spill is an excellent example of a thorough root cause analysis investigation shortly after midnight on march 24, 1989, the valdez, transporting crude oil from alaska to california, struck bligh reef. Hazelwood trial transcript and exhibits material from the 1990 trial of joseph hazelwood. It would eventually spread almost 500 miles from the original crash site and stain thousands of. Yet the exxon valdez oil spill is widely considered to be the most disastrous oil spill in the world in terms of its environmental impact source. In a letter to exxon, epa provided information that would support the use of bioremediation as a cleanup technique for the valdez oil spill. Nothing in the united states had come close until now. The damaged oil tanker exxon valdez, towed out of alaskas prince william sound by a tugboat and a u. Describes the oil tanker exxon valdez, the events that led up to its disastrous oil spill in. All quotations, except those noted, were collected in the field. Bioremediation of exxon valdez oil spill about epa us epa. The exxon valdez, an oil tanker bound for long beach, california, departed from the trans alaska pipeline terminal at 9.
Aug 05, 2016 epa informed exxon on july 26 that it would support a proposal by the company to use bioremediation to aid in cleaning up the oil spilled from the exxon valdez in prince william sound. Exxon corporations publicity materials brochures, newsletters, and booklets on cleanup operations and environmental impacts. Lessons from the exxon valdez oil spill the new york times. Chapter 1 the spill the exxon valdez was a supertanker, an enormous ship that can carry millions of gallons of oil.
Pdf lessons from the exxon valdez oil spill disaster in. The exxon valdez and 2011 sage publications bp oil spills. Dec 09, 20 then again, the next disaster may be completely different, just as the deepwater horizon disaster was from the exxon valdez. Gill lfississippi srnre universiy, socui scince resedrih center and dporsme. It was ten years ago on march 23 that the oil tanker exxon valdez ran aground on bligh reef, leaking 11 million gallons of oil into alaskas prince william sound. See times brief history of the exxon valdez disaster. Alan haigbrown, keeping the oil inside the ships on prince william sound, 40 professional mariner 20 1999. This weeks retro report is the 23rd in a documentary series. While the spill was a major disaster, it has provided unusual opportunities for scientific. It was the exxon valdez oil spill, and it assumed and retained the title of nations largest spill until the. May 26, 2006 memories of the 1989 exxon valdez disaster in alaska may have dimmed, but its menace endures. The exxon valdez oil spill trustee council evostc is one of the eight founding partners of the alaska. In the accident that took place almost 30 years ago, over 11 million gallons of crude oil was released into the waters of the gulf of alaska, hurting the ecosystem badly as it killed hundreds of thousands of species.
356 707 697 611 269 253 602 847 1308 430 1502 1160 60 1355 1411 877 270 972 1441 1168 167 710 929 889 1436 1366 65 993 785 78 1511 783 1306 337 1207 475 47 992 1042 1361 276 260 1478 860